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¿øÁ¦£º°Ç¼±ÀÇ ¸é¿ªº´ÀηÐ
ÃâÀü£ºLecture, 5th¡¡European¡¡Hermal¡¡Symposium, Prague¡¡1998
¿ø¹® URL : http://www.skinexpert.net/scientific/publications/psoriasis/tx_06.htm

±×³àÀÇ °­ÀÇ¿¡¼­, Stefania Jablonska ±³¼ö´Â °Ç¼±ÀÇ ¸é¿ªÇÐÀû ¹ßº´ ¿øÀÎ ¿¬±¸¿¡ ¿ÏÀüÈ÷ »õ·Î¿î ¼­±¤À» ºñÃÄÁÙ Åä´ë°¡ µÉ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Â »õ ¿¬±¸ °á°ú¸¦ ¹ßÇ¥Çß´Ù. Jablonska°¡ ¿¹½ÃÇÑ ÀÚ·á´Â ÇÁ¶û½º¿Í Æú¶õµåÀÇ ±ä¹ÐÇÑ ¿¬±¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ³ª¿Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±× ÀÚ·áµéÀº °Ç¼±Àº HPV(Àΰ£ À¯µÎÁ¾ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º), ƯÈ÷ HPV5ÀÇ ÀúÀå°íÀϼö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ¾Ï½ÃÇÑ´Ù.
°Ç¼±Àº T¼¼Æ÷°¡ °ü¿©ÇÏ´Â ¿°Áõ¼º ÁúȯÀ¸·Î Ç¥ÇÇ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ °úÀ×Áõ½ÄÀÌ ÀϾ´Ù°í ÀνĵȴÙ. ¸î °³ÀÇ ¹Ì»ý¹°ÀÇ ´Ü¹éÁú ¶Ç´Â ½´ÆÛÇ׿øÀÌ T¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ È°¼ºÈ­¸¦ ºÒ·¯ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â °ÍÀ¸·Î ÃßÃøµÇ¾î¿ÔÁö¸¸, ÀÌ °úÁ¤À» Á¤È®È÷ ¾î¶² °ÍÀÌ ºÒ·¯ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â °ÍÀÎÁö´Â ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ¸í¹éÇÏ°Ô ¹àÇôÁöÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. »õ·Î¿î ¿¬±¸°á°ú¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé, ÇǺΠ°¢ÁúÃþ¿¡¼­ ³ªÅ¸³ª´Â HPV5(¶Ç´Â ´Ù¸¥ HPV À¯Çüµé)ÀÇ L1 ĸ½Ãµå ´Ü¹éÁúÀÌ T ¼¼Æ÷¿Í T¼¼Æ÷¿¡ ÀÇÁ¸ÇÏ´Â Ç×ü »ý»êÀ» ÀÚ±ØÇÏ´Â Ç׿øÀÏ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ÃßÃøÇÒ ¼ö Àִµ¥, ÀÌ°ÍÀº ÀÌ ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º°¡ °Ç¼±ÀÇ ¸é¿ªÇÐÀû ¹ßº´¿øÀÎÀÏ °¡´É¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Ù´Â °ÍÀ» ³ªÅ¸³½´Ù.

ÇѹúÀÇ PCR(Æú¸®¸Ó¶óÁ¦ ¿¬¼â ¹ÝÀÀ)¸¦ »ç¿ëÇØ, °Ç¼± ȯÀÚÀÇ º´º¯ºÎºÐ°ú Á¤»ó ºÎºÐÀÇ ÇǺθ¦ ±Ü¾î³»¼­ Á¶»çÇߴµ¥, 43ÀÎÁßÀÇ ¾à 90%¿¡¼­ HPV³ª HPVÀÇ DNAÀÇ Á¸À縦 Áõ¸íÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ¾ú´Ù. HPV5 ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ À¯Çüµé(HPV1, HPV36, ´Ü HPV16´Â ¾ø¾ú´Ù)ÀÌ ¶ÇÇÑ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾ú´Ù. ¾ÆÅäÇǼº ÇǺο° ȯÀÚÀÇ Á¶Á÷Ç¥º»¿¡¼­´Â, 35%ÀÇ È¯ÀÚ¿¡°Ô¼­ HPV-DNA ¾ç¼º¹ÝÀÀÀÌ ÀÖ¾úÁö¸¸, HPV5°¡ ¹ß°ßµÈ ¿¹´Â ¾ø¾ú´Ù.

ELISA¿Í HPV5-VLPs(¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º °°Àº ÀÔÀÚ)¸¦ »ç¿ëÇØ Á¶»çÇߴµ¥, Àΰ£À¯µÎÁ¾¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÀÇ(HPV5)ÀÇ L1 ĸ½Ãµå ´Ü¹é¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æ¯ÀÌ Ç×ü´Â 155¸íÀÇ °Ç¼±È¯ÀÚµé Áß 25% ȯÀÚÀÇ Ç÷û¿¡¼­ ¹ß°ßµÇ¾úÁö¸¸, ¾ÆÅäÇǼº ÇǺο° ȯÀÚ¿Í ½ÅÀåÀ̽ÄÀ» ¹ÞÀº ȯÀÚµéÀ» Æ÷ÇÔÇÑ ´ëÁ¶Ç¥º»¿¡¼­´Â 2-5%¿¡ Áö³ªÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù. Ç×HPV5 Ç×üÀÇ °ËÃâÀ²°ú °Ç¼±ÀÇ ÀÓ»óÀ¯Çü »çÀÌ¿¡´Â »ó°ü°ü°è´Â ¹ß°ßµÇÁö ¾Ê¾ÒÁö¸¸ °Ç¼±ÀÇ Áõ»óÀÌ Ã¼Ç¥ ¸éÀûÀÇ 50%¸¦ ³Ñ´Â ȯÀÚ¿¡¼­´Â °ËÃâÀ²Àº ȯÀÚÀÇ 43%·Î Áõ»óÀÌ Ã¼Ç¥ ¸éÀûÀÇ 20~50%ÀÇ È¯ÀÚ¿¡¼­ÀÇ °ËÃâÀ² 15% º¸´Ù ÇöÀúÇÏ°Ô ³ô°Ô ³ªÅ¸³µ´Ù.
HPV5´Â ÄɶóÄ¡³ë»çÀÌÆ®(°¢Áú¼¼Æ÷, ÄɶóƾÀ» »ý¼ºÇϴ ǥÇÇ ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ ÀÏÁ¾À¸·Î Ç¥ÇǼ¼Æ÷ÀÇ 95%¸¦ Á¡À¯ÇÑ´Ù)ÀÇ ¹Û¿¡¼­´Â »ì¾Æ³²À» ¼ö ¾ø´Â ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇÁ¸¼º ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½º´Ù. HPV5´Â Àẹ °¨¿°À» ³Ð°Ô ÀÏÀ¸Å°´Â °Í °°°í, »ç¸¶±ÍÇüÇ¥ÇÇÀÌÇü¼ºÁõ(EV)¿¡¼­ ÇǺξǼºÁ¾¾çÀ» ÀÚÁÖ ¹ß»ý½ÃÅ°´Â °Í°ú °ü·ÃÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °Í °°´Ù. ±×·¯³ª »ç¸¶±ÍÇ¥ÇÇÀÌÇü¼ºÁõ(EV)ÀÌ ¾Æ´Ñ ȯÀÚÀÇ ÇǺÎÁ¾¾ç³»¿¡¼­´Â Á»Ã³·³ HPV5´Â ¹ß°ßµÇÁö ¾Ê°í, ÀϹݻç¶÷¿¡°Ô´Â ¹«ÇØÇÑ °Í °°´Ù. ¶ÇÇÑ °Ç¼±ÀÌ ¾ÏÀ¸·Î ¹ßÀüÇÒ °¡´É¼ºµµ ¾ø´Â °Í °°´Ù.

±³¼ö¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé ÃÖÁ¾ ºÐÈ­ ´Ü°èÀÇ °¢Áú¼¼Æ÷¿¡ Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â HPV5ÀÇ L1ĸ½Ãµå ´Ü¹éÀÌ, ÀÌ°Í¿¡ ´ëÇÑ Æ¯ÀÌ Ç×ü¿Í ¹ÝÀÀÇؼ­ º¸Ã¼ÀÇ È°¼ºÈ­¿Í ´ÙÇüÇÙ¼¼Æ÷ÀÇ È­ÇÐÀû ģȭ¼ºÀ» »ý±â°Ô ÇÑ´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. Áï ¹®·Î³ó¾çÀÌ »ý±â´Â °Í °°´Ù. ÀÌ Ä¸½Ãµå ´Ü¹éÀº ÃÖÁ¾ ºÐÈ­ ´Ü°èÀÇ °¢Áú¼¼Æ÷¿¡¼­¸¸ ¸é¿ª¿ø¼ºÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â °Í °°´Ù. °Ç¼±¾È¿¡ °íºóµµ·Î HPV5°¡ ¹ß°ßµÇ´Â °ÍÀ¸·ÎºÎÅÍ »ý°¢Çغ¼ ¶§, Ç¥ÇǸ¦ °úÀ× Áõ½Ä ½ÃÅ°´Â ¸î°³ÀÇ ÀÎÀÚ°¡, ¹ÙÀÌ·¯½ºÀÇ DNA º¹Á¦¸¦ ÃËÁøÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ»Áöµµ ¸ð¸¥´Ù. EVµµ °Ç¼±µµ À¯ÀüÀû ¿äÀÎÀÌ °ü¿©ÇÏ°í Àֱ⠶§¹®¿¡, °Ç¼± ȯÀÚ´Â HPV5 °¨¿°ÀÌ Áö¼ÓÇϱ⠽¬¿î À¯ÀüÀû ¼ÒÀÎÀ» °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ù°í ÃßÃøÇÒ ¼öµµ ÀÖ´Ù.

Immunopathogenesis of psoriasis

In her lecture, Professor Stefania Jablonska presented brand new results of basic research that could put the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis in an entirely new light. The data displayed by Jablonska were from a joint French/Polish study. They suggest that psoriasis is a reservoir for HPV (human papilloma virus), especially HPV5.

Psoriasis is recognized as a T-cell mediated inflammatory disease resulting in epidermal hyperproliferation. Several microbial proteins or superantigens have been suspected to be responsible for T-cell activation, but what actually triggers this process has still not been identified unequivocally. According to the new findings, it is conceivable that L1 capsid protein from HPV5 (or other HPV types) present in the stratum corneum of psoriatic skin might be the antigen which stimulates T cells and T-cell dependent antibody production, indicating a possible role of this virus in the immunopathogenesis of psoriasis.

Using nested PCR (polymerase chain reaction), the presence of HPV or related HPV DNA could be demonstrated in scrapings from lesional and uninvolved psoriatic skin in about 90 % of 43 patients. Besides HPV5, other HPV types were also found (HPV1, HPV36, but no HPV16). Skin preparations from patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) were also HPV DNA positive (35 % of patients), but in no case was HPV5 found.

Using ELISA and HPV5 VLPs (virus like particles), specific antibodies (anti-HPV5 L1 capsid proteins) were found in the sera of 25 % of 155 psoriatic patients but only in 2 - 5 % of the controls (including patients with AD and renal transplant recipients). No correlation was observed between the detection rate of anti-HPV5 antibodies and the clinical type of psoriasis. However, the detection rate was significantly higher (43 %) for patients with lesions covering more than 50 % of body surface area than for those with lesions covering 20 - 50 % (15 % of the patients).

HPV5 is a cell-associated virus unable to persist outside keratinocytes. It seems to cause widespread latent infections, and in epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV), HPV5 is associated with the frequent occurrence of cutaneous malignancies. However, it has only rarely been detected in skin tumors of non-EV patients and seems to be harmless to the general population. It also seems to lack oncogenic potential in psoriasis.

According to Jablonska, it is conceivable that the reaction of the L1 capsid protein of HPV5 present in terminally differentiated keratinocytes with specific anti-L1 HPV5 antibodies results in complement activation and chemoattraction of polymorphonuclear cells, i.e. Munro abscess formation. The capsid protein seems to become immunogenic only in terminally diffentiated keratinocytes.

The high prevalence of HPV5 in psoriasis suggests that some factors involved in the epidermal hyperproliferation in psoriasis may facilitate the replication of viral DNA. Because heritable genetic factors are involved in both EV and psoriasis, it could be speculated that psoriatic patients have a genetically determined predisposition to persistent HPV5 infection.

Professor Stefania Jablonska, M.D.
 
 
 
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